徐金平, 赵容, 李朝林. 某企业员工健康知识及职业卫生知识知晓和需求调查[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2016, 34(1): 9-12. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2016.01.003
引用本文: 徐金平, 赵容, 李朝林. 某企业员工健康知识及职业卫生知识知晓和需求调查[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2016, 34(1): 9-12. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2016.01.003
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XU Jinping, ZHAO Rong, LI Chaolin. Investigation on employees' health knowledge, occupational health knowledge and demands in an industry[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2016, 34(1): 9-12. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2016.01.003
Citation: XU Jinping, ZHAO Rong, LI Chaolin. Investigation on employees' health knowledge, occupational health knowledge and demands in an industry[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2016, 34(1): 9-12. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2016.01.003
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某企业员工健康知识及职业卫生知识知晓和需求调查

Investigation on employees' health knowledge, occupational health knowledge and demands in an industry

    摘要
  • 摘要: 目的 调查某企业员工健康知识和职业卫生知识知晓率和卫生需求情况,为企业开展工作场所健康促进提供基础科学依据。 方法 采用整群抽样的方法,调查441名员工健康知识和职业卫生知识认知、行为生活习惯、健康知识和职业卫生知识需求等情况。 结果 员工对健康概念和吸烟对健康有影响的知晓率较高,分别为87.5%和94.1%;艾滋病传播途径的知晓率最低,为44.4%。不同岗位员工对成年血压正常范围、慢性病预防措施和艾滋病传播途径知晓率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01),生产人员知晓率相对较低。文化程度越高的员工对成年血压正常范围、高血压是否有症状、慢性病预防措施和艾滋病传播途径的知晓率也越高(P<0.01)。不同岗位员工对职业病防治法、职业病可预防、毒物进入人体途径知晓率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01),生产人员知晓率不全是最低的。文化程度越高,对"职业病可预防"的知晓率越高,对《职业病防治法》的知晓率反而越低(P均<0.01)。员工的吸烟率为35.7%,男性吸烟率高于女性吸烟率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。员工对膳食平衡、传染病防治、体育锻炼、慢性病防治知识和职业卫生知识的需求较高。 结论 一般健康知识的知晓率有随学历而提高的趋势,而职业卫生知识的知晓率和岗位以及学历没有必然的联系。应加强慢性病、艾滋病防治等的健康教育,提高员工健康水平;加强对全员尤其是对管理人员的职业卫生知识宣传和教育。

     

    Abstract: Objective The employees' health knowledge,occupational health knowledge and demands in an industry were investigated to provide the baseline for implementing health promotion at workplaces. Methods Using cluster sampling method,totally 441 employees were investigated and the health knowledge, occupational health knowledge,behaviors and relative demands,etc were asked with questionnaires. Results The awareness rates of health concept and smoking affecting health were at 87.5% and 94.1% respectively,while the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS transmission routes was the lowest, at 44.4%. The awareness rates of adult normal blood pressure, chronic diseases prevention measures and AIDS transmission routes varied statistically among different persons with various positions or with different education levels (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The awareness rates of Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, the prevention of occupational diseases, and the ways of exposure to chemicals among different persons with various positions were of statistically significant difference (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The persons with higher education level had the higher awareness rate of the prevention of occupational diseases, normal blood pressure,chronic diseases prevention measures, evidence of high blood pressure,and AIDS transmission routes(P<0.01),but the lower awareness rate of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases(P<0.01). The total smoking rate was 35.7%, and male's smoking rate was higher than that of females,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The employees' demands on knowledge of balanced diet, prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, physical exercise, chronic diseases prevention and occupational health knowledge were high. Conclusion There is no necessary relations between the awareness rates of occupational health knowledge and positions or education levels. To improve the employees' health, the publicity and education on health should be strengthened. Among all the staff especially the administrators, the publicity and education on occupational health knowledge should be strengthened.

     

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