Abstract: Objective To provide the targeted strategies for improving the working environment and living conditions of sanitation workers in Xuzhou City, the investigation on their job satisfaction and wellbeing at present was done. Methods Totally 100 sanitation workers in each district were randomly abstracted from 5 districts of Xuzhou City and the study subjects were interviewed face-to-face with questionnaire. Results The age of these study subjects varied from 30 to 71 years old, while only 10.8% workers were under 50 years old. The employment time of most workers was shorter than 5 years. The percentages of job satisfaction as very satisfied, satisfied,just so-so,unsatisfied were 21.6%,30.4%,26.2% and 21.8%, respectively. There was no difference of job satisfaction among sanitation workers with different educational levels,different salary levels and various family ties(P>0.05). But the skill training, the health education at workplaces, the variance of working environment,the working hours,the relationship with colleagues,self-esteem of social status were major factors affecting the job satisfaction (P<0.01). The workers who had a multiple welfare and stable social security had higher satisfaction (P<0.01). Conclusion The sanitation workers in Xuzhou City had a high labor intensity, but poor labor protection and imperfect social security. The governmental agency should raise concern on improvement of their working condition,labor protection and social security.