刘新霞, 冯简青, 黄国贤, 王淑玉, 刘浩中. 不同类型职业病危害因素暴露企业工人的生命质量状况调查[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2018, 36(1): 14-17. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2018.01.004
引用本文: 刘新霞, 冯简青, 黄国贤, 王淑玉, 刘浩中. 不同类型职业病危害因素暴露企业工人的生命质量状况调查[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2018, 36(1): 14-17. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2018.01.004
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LIU Xinxia, FENG Jianqing, HUANG Guoxian, WANG Shuyu, LIU Haozhong. Survey on quality of life of workers engaged in various manufacturing industries[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2018, 36(1): 14-17. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2018.01.004
Citation: LIU Xinxia, FENG Jianqing, HUANG Guoxian, WANG Shuyu, LIU Haozhong. Survey on quality of life of workers engaged in various manufacturing industries[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2018, 36(1): 14-17. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2018.01.004
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不同类型职业病危害因素暴露企业工人的生命质量状况调查

Survey on quality of life of workers engaged in various manufacturing industries

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨不同类型职业病危害因素暴露企业生产工人的生命质量状况及其影响因素。
    方法 采用整群随机抽样, 抽取中山市印刷业、灯饰和电子制造业共6家企业1 484名一线工人为研究对象。采用回顾性调查的方法收集上述6家企业连续3年职业病危害因素定期检测报告, 分析主要职业病危害因素及其暴露水平, 同时采用生命质量测评量表SF-36量表评价一线工人的生命质量。
    结果 不同类型企业的有机溶剂检测合格率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05), 印刷业的有机溶剂检测合格率最低(95.5%); 灯饰制造业粉尘检测合格率和噪声检测合格率最低, 分别为96.3%和69.8%。3种不同制造业工人SF-36量表中生理功能、生理职能、身体疼痛、总体健康、活力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康8个维度的得分, 差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.01), 均以电子制造业得分最高, 印刷业最低。多重线性回归分析结果显示, 与电子制造业相比, 印刷业和灯饰制造业生产工人生理健康维度与心理健康维度得分均低于电子制造企业(P < 0.01), 提示接触有机溶剂、粉尘和噪声可能是生命质量生理健康维度和心理健康维度的共同影响因素。生理健康维度可能还受经常体育锻炼的影响(P < 0.01)。
    结论 不同行业工人的生命质量有所不同, 可能受行业中不同职业病危害因素暴露水平和体育锻炼的影响。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  To observe the status of life quality of workers in manufacturing industries occupationally exposed to hazards.
    Methods A total of 1 484 workers in 6 enterprises, which were printing, lighting and electronics manufacturing industries, were surveyed with SF-36 scale, while the data of their occupational exposure in these enterprises were collected.
    Results The monitoring data showed that organic solvent concentrations at some workplaces were still high and the compliance rate in the printing industry was the lowest (95.5%)(P < 0.05). In the lighting industry, the compliance rates of dust and noise at workplaces were the lowest (96.3% and 69.8%, respectively). The scores of SF-36 scales of workers in these 3 industries varied significantly. The workers in the electronics manufacturing industry had the highest score, while the workers in printing industry had the lowest score. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that occupational exposure to organic solvents, noise and dust affected the workers' dimensions of physical and mental health (P < 0.01), while the regular physical exercise had a positive effect (P < 0.01).
    Conclusion The quality of life of workers in various industries was different and may be associated with different occupational hazards in the industry and physical exercise.

     

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