514名汽修企业员工职业病防治认知及行为调查分析
Investigation on KAP of 514 workers in garages on occupational disease prevention
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摘要:目的 调查北京市某区汽车修理企业员工职业病相关知识的知晓情况, 为进一步开展企业健康教育提供依据。方法 采用随机抽样的方法抽取该区121家汽修企业514名员工, 用自行设计的调查表, 以调查问卷的方式进行职业病相关问题调查。结果 《职业病防治法》法规知识知晓率为87.1%, 职业病防治知识知晓率为70.3%, 两者差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);《职业病防治法》法规知识方面, 不同年龄、工龄员工知晓率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 不同文化程度员工的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);女性员工的知晓率高于男性员工, 管理人员的知晓率要高于生产工人, 差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05);职业病防治知识方面, 不同年龄、工龄及岗位的员工知晓率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 女性员工知晓率高于男性员工, 不同文化程度员工的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。汽修企业514名职工获取职业病知识的途径以单位培训为主, 占89.5%。企业职业健康监护档案的建立情况较差。结论 汽修企业职工职业病相关知识知晓率有待进一步提高, 企业应针对低学历男性等重点员工采取有效措施, 加强职业健康教育工作。Abstract:Objective To investigate the KAP on occupational diseases prevention of workers in garages, and to provide orientation for enterprises to carry out the occupational health education.Methods Totally 514 employees in 121 garages were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire.Results It showed that 87.1% workers knew the Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Disease; the female workers, the staff with higher education levels or in management positions had higher awareness (P < 0.05). Only 70.3% workers mastered the knowledge on prevention and control of occupational disease; the female workers, the staff with higher education levels had higher awareness (P < 0.05). It showed that 89.5% worker obtained such knowledge through the training organized by the garages.Conclusion The staff, especially the male workers with lower education levels in the garages, should be trained to improve the KAP on prevention and control of occupational disease.
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