叶开友, 刘晓晓, 陆辰汝, 刁永卿, 金凤, 赵锦江, 徐瑞芳. 上海某摩托车生产企业电焊作业锰暴露情况调查[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(4): 343-346. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.04.011
引用本文: 叶开友, 刘晓晓, 陆辰汝, 刁永卿, 金凤, 赵锦江, 徐瑞芳. 上海某摩托车生产企业电焊作业锰暴露情况调查[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(4): 343-346. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.04.011
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YE Kaiyou, LIU Xiaoxiao, LU Chenru, DIAO Yongqin, JIN Feng, ZHAO Jinjiang, XU Ruifang. Investigation on manganese exposure of workers in an electric welding enterprise in Qingpu District of Shanghai[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(4): 343-346. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.04.011
Citation: YE Kaiyou, LIU Xiaoxiao, LU Chenru, DIAO Yongqin, JIN Feng, ZHAO Jinjiang, XU Ruifang. Investigation on manganese exposure of workers in an electric welding enterprise in Qingpu District of Shanghai[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(4): 343-346. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.04.011
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上海某摩托车生产企业电焊作业锰暴露情况调查

Investigation on manganese exposure of workers in an electric welding enterprise in Qingpu District of Shanghai

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 调查某摩托车生产企业所有电焊作业岗位工人锰职业暴露情况，为开展工作场所电焊烟尘和锰危害干预提供基础资料。
    方法 将2016年上海市青浦区某摩托车生产企业所有118个电焊相关作业岗位纳入调查，采用作业岗位劳动者佩戴个体空气采样器的方法测量工作场所空气中电焊烟尘和锰，并计算其时间加权平均浓度（CTWA）。
    结果 118个检测岗位锰CTWA的中位数为0.04 mg/m3（P25=0.02 mg/m3，P75=0.10 mg/m3），上、下午锰检测浓度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。电焊烟尘CTWA的中位数为11.25 mg/m3（P25=2.46 mg/m3，P75=20.52 mg/m3）。Spearman相关分析显示工作场所锰和电焊烟尘浓度呈正相关关系（r=0.61，P < 0.01）。不同工种锰尘检测结果差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01），手工焊岗位锰CTWA高于机器人焊和辅助工岗位（P < 0.01）。118个检测岗位锰超标20个，超标率为16.95%。不同作业特征、工种以及与污染源距离不同的作业岗位的锰超标率差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。锰的超标率均以固定作业点、手工焊为高；离污染源越近，超标率也越高。
    结论 该企业电焊作业场所锰危害不容乐观，有发生锰中毒的风险。减少固定点作业以及与污染源近的手工作业岗位可以作为电焊烟尘和锰危害干预的重点。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The occupational manganese exposure level of workers engaged in welding jobs in a motorcycle manufacturer was investigated to provide basic information for the intervention of manganese hazards in these workplaces.
    Methods  Totally 118 welding-related jobs in a motorcycle manufacturer in Qingpu District of Shanghai were surveyed in 2016. Individual air samplers were used to measure the concentration of welding fume and manganese in the air of the workplaces, and their exposure concentrations(CTWA) were calculated.
    Results  The median value of manganese concentration(CTWA) in 118 sites was 0.04 mg/m3(P25, 0.02 mg/m3 and P75, 0.10 mg/m3). There was no significant difference of manganese concentrations between morning and afternoon(P>0.05). The median value of welding fume concentration(CTWA) was 11.25 mg/m3(P25, 2.46 mg/m3 and P75, 20.52 mg/m3). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between welding fume and manganese concentrations in the workplaces (r=0.61, P < 0.01). The concentrations of manganese in different types of work showed significant difference(P < 0.01), and manganese levels of workers engaged in manual welding positions were higher than workers engaged in robotic welding and auxiliary welding (P < 0.01). Of 118 inspection samples, the concentrations of 20 samples (16.95%) were higher than the national standard, and welding types, welding area and distances from pollution sources played an important role(P < 0.01).
    Conclusion  The hazards of manganese of the welding workplaces in this enterprise were not optimistic, there was the risk of manganese over-exposure and poisoning. The workers engaged in manual welding and near pollution sources should be given much attention.

     

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