任丽萍, 李临江, 李侠, 赵玉军, 李红梅. 山东省526例尘肺病患者自我管理现状分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(5): 406-411. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.05.003
引用本文: 任丽萍, 李临江, 李侠, 赵玉军, 李红梅. 山东省526例尘肺病患者自我管理现状分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(5): 406-411. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.05.003
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REN Liping, LI Linjiang, LI Xia, ZHAO Yujun, LI Hongmei. Status of self-management in 526 pneumoconiosis patients in Shandong Province[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(5): 406-411. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.05.003
Citation: REN Liping, LI Linjiang, LI Xia, ZHAO Yujun, LI Hongmei. Status of self-management in 526 pneumoconiosis patients in Shandong Province[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(5): 406-411. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.05.003
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山东省526例尘肺病患者自我管理现状分析

Status of self-management in 526 pneumoconiosis patients in Shandong Province

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 分析尘肺病患者自我管理水平的现状与影响因素。
    方法 采用便利抽样法选取山东省5个地区6所职业病防治院526例尘肺病患者，采用《尘肺患者自我管理量表》调查患者自我管理水平；根据临界比值法（critical ration），将自我管理量表得分两端各27%的分值作为临界值，划分自我管理水平高低分组。综合利用统计方法，分析影响患者自我管理水平的危险因素。
    结果 526例患者中，自我管理得分最低55分，最高198分，平均得分为（142.81 ±23.06）分。高分组最低157分，低分组最高129分。相比男性，女性在自我管理水平高分组中占比更高（P < 0.01），且都在高分组；logistic回归分析结果显示：分别相比城市户籍、不吸烟、患者非常受重视、家庭成员全力支持，农村户籍（OR=2.511，P < 0.01）、吸烟（OR=1.975，P < 0.05）、缺乏社会重视（OR=2.143，P < 0.01）、家庭成员的忽视（OR=2.120，P < 0.01）是影响患者自我管理水平的危险因素。
    结论 本次调查的尘肺病患者自我管理现状处于中等水平。在对尘肺病患者进行自我管理干预时，要综合考虑到患者的性别、户籍、吸烟及受重视程度等方面的影响，注重提高患者的认知程度，加强患者戒烟宣教，重视社会支持和人文关怀，以便更好地提高患者的自我管理水平。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of self-management level of pneumoconiosis patients.
    Methods A total of 526 patients with pneumoconiosis diagnosed in 6 hospitals for occupational disease prevention and control distributed in 5 regions of Shandong Province, were surveyed by convenience sampling method. The self-management level was investigated with the Self-Management Scale, and the patients were divided into 3 groups (namely, lower, medium and higher)by using the critical percentile value of the self-management scale (27%)according to the critical ratio method. The comprehensive statistical methods, such as regression analysis, were used to analyze risk factors affecting patients'self-management level.
    Results Among 526 patients, self-management scores varied from 55 to 198 with an average score of (142.81 ±23.06). The lowest score in higher group was 157, while the highest score was 129 in lower group. Compared with males, females had a higher score and no persons were in the lower group (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that rural household registration (OR=2.511, P < 0.01), being neglected by family members (OR=2.120, P < 0.01), lack of social attention (OR=2.143, P < 0.01), smoking (OR=1.975, P < 0.05) were risk factors affecting patients'self-management status.
    Conclusion The self-management status of these pneumoconiosis patients was relative lower. We should take into account the affecting factors, such as gender, household registration, smoking and social attention, to improve the self-management of pneumoconiosis patients.

     

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