艾美梅, 冯婷. 部队附属医院急诊科医护人员职业倦怠现状、影响因素及认知干预的影响[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2020, 38(4): 342-345, 400. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2020.04.005
引用本文: 艾美梅, 冯婷. 部队附属医院急诊科医护人员职业倦怠现状、影响因素及认知干预的影响[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2020, 38(4): 342-345, 400. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2020.04.005
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AI Meimei, FENG Ting. Occupational burnout status and influencing factors of emergency department staff in military affiliated hospital and effect of cognitive intervention[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2020, 38(4): 342-345, 400. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2020.04.005
Citation: AI Meimei, FENG Ting. Occupational burnout status and influencing factors of emergency department staff in military affiliated hospital and effect of cognitive intervention[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2020, 38(4): 342-345, 400. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2020.04.005
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部队附属医院急诊科医护人员职业倦怠现状、影响因素及认知干预的影响

Occupational burnout status and influencing factors of emergency department staff in military affiliated hospital and effect of cognitive intervention

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 调查某部队附属医院急诊科医护人员职业倦怠现状及影响因素，分析认知干预对职业倦怠的影响，提高医护人员心理健康水平。
    方法 随机抽取某部队附属医院300名急诊科医护人员作为研究对象，使用马氏职业倦怠量表（Maslach burnout inventory，MBI）调查其职业倦怠现状并分析其影响因素；对研究对象进行认知干预后再评估其职业倦怠情况，并分析该干预措施的效果。
    结果 该院急诊科医护人员轻、中、重度职业倦怠比例分别为26.67%、41.67%和20.67%，MBI各维度得分分别为：情绪倦怠（24.73 ± 5.28）分、去人格化（8.77 ± 3.35）分、自我价值（35.21 ± 10.49）分。logistic多因素回归分析结果显示：分别相比年龄> 35岁、有编制、夜班6~8次/月、不兼军职、月薪> 8 000元，年龄20~25岁（OR=3.969）、合同招聘（OR=2.538）、夜班> 8次/月（OR=2.943）、兼有军职（OR=2.600）、月薪5 000~8 000元（OR=2.231）或 < 5 000元（OR=2.379）是急诊科医护人员发生中、重度职业倦怠（187例）的独立危险因素（P < 0.05或0.01）。调查对象经认知干预后的MBI各维度得分较干预前明显改善，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），并且干预后中、重度职业倦怠人员比例明显下降（15.67% vs.62.34%），差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。
    结论 急诊科医护人员职业倦怠情况较重，年龄较小、兼有军职、夜班频繁、月薪较低、非编制人员更易产生职业倦怠；认知干预可明显改善急诊科医护人员职业倦怠情况，可在科室中推广应用。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The present situation and influencing factors of occupational burnout of medical staff in an emergency department of a military affiliated hospital were investigated, and the effect of cognitive intervention on occupational burnout was analyzed to improve the mental health condition of medical staff.
    Methods A total of 300 medical personnel working in the emergency department in a military affiliated hospital were studied. Maslach burnout inventory(MBI) was used to survey their job burnout status and analyze its influencing factors. After the cognitive intervention, the occupational burnout was evaluated and the effect of the intervention was analyzed.
    Results The proportion of mild, moderate and severe occupational burnout of these medical staff was 26.67%, 41.67%, and 20.67%, respectively. The scores of each dimension of MBI were(24.73 ± 5.28) of emotional burnout, (8.77 ± 3.35) of depersonalization and (35.21 ± 10.49) of self-worth. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of moderate and severe occupational inactivity (187 cases) were the younger (20-25 years old vs. > 35 years old, OR=3.969), the employment type (contract recruitment vs. tenure track, OR=2.538), night shift (> 8 times/month vs. 6~8 times/month, OR=2.943), military duty (yes vs. no, OR=2.600), monthly salary (< 5 000 yuan or 5 000~8 000 yuan vs. > 8 000 yuan, OR=2.379 and OR=2.231) (P < 0.05 or 0.01). After the cognitive intervention, the scores of participants in all dimensions of MBI were significantly improved compared with those before the intervention(P < 0.05). The proportion of moderate and severe occupational inactivity was significantly decreased after the intervention(62.34% vs. 15.67%, P < 0.05).
    Conclusion The occupational burnout of medical staff in the emergency department was serious. The young, military duty, frequent night shift, lower monthly salary and contract recruitment were major affecting factors. Cognitive intervention can significantly improve the occupational burnout of medical staff in the emergency department and can be popularized and applied in the department.

     

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