周华萍, 毕静, 李倩兰, 黄红英, 郑红菊, 梁妙玲. 语频噪声对某热线电话女性客服人员健康影响的研究[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2021, 39(1): 54-57. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2021.01.011
引用本文: 周华萍, 毕静, 李倩兰, 黄红英, 郑红菊, 梁妙玲. 语频噪声对某热线电话女性客服人员健康影响的研究[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2021, 39(1): 54-57. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2021.01.011
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ZHOU Huaping, BI Jing, LI Qianlan, HUANG Hongying, ZHENG Hongju, LIANG Miaoling. Investigation on health condition of female telephone operators exposure to speech frequency noise[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2021, 39(1): 54-57. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2021.01.011
Citation: ZHOU Huaping, BI Jing, LI Qianlan, HUANG Hongying, ZHENG Hongju, LIANG Miaoling. Investigation on health condition of female telephone operators exposure to speech frequency noise[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2021, 39(1): 54-57. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2021.01.011
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语频噪声对某热线电话女性客服人员健康影响的研究

Investigation on health condition of female telephone operators exposure to speech frequency noise

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  研究接触语频噪声对热线电话女性客服人员健康的影响，并提出针对性的防护建议。
      方法  2017-2019年，对某国有企业人工热线电话岗位工作场所噪声声级进行检测与评价；选择该热线电话岗位60名接触语频噪声的女性客服人员作为接触组，该企业不接触职业病危害因素的60名女性文职人员作为对照组，对两组人员进行职业健康检查，并对结果进行分析。
      结果  接触组工作场所中噪声声级LEX，8 h为55.3~78.6 dB（A），主要集中在500~3 000 Hz；耳机内噪声声级为（62.7~88.9）dB（A），主要集中在500~2 000 Hz，属于非稳态的语频噪声。接触组人员自述乏力、记忆力减退、食欲不振、全身酸痛、入睡困难、听觉迟钝、月经紊乱症状的检出率高于对照组（P < 0.01或P < 0.05）。接触组高频听阈提高、语频听阈提高、听力下降检出率均高于对照组（P < 0.01）。接触组工人窦性心动过缓、窦性心律不齐、ST-T改变和心电图异常的检出率均高于对照组（P < 0.01或P < 0.05）。接触组低血压、血压异常、血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）和血脂异常检出率均高于对照组（P < 0.01或P < 0.05）。随着工龄增加，接触组听力下降检出率、低血压检出率有增加的趋势（P < 0.05）。
      结论  长期接触语频噪声对热线电话女性客服人员可造成以高频听阈提高为主的听力下降和以神经衰弱综合征为主的自觉症状，其心电图、血压、血脂异常检出率均高于正常人群。接触语频噪声的劳动者应注意加强个人防护。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To evaluate health conditions of female telephone operators answering hotline in a state-owned enterprise and offer targeted protective suggestion.
      Methods  From 2017 to 2019, the noise level in the workshop for answering the hotline of a state-owned enterprise was measured. Totally 60 female telephone operators answering for hotline and 60 female office clerks without any occupational exposure to hazards in the same company were examined.
      Results  The noise level(Lex, 8 h) in this workshop was 55.3-78.6 dB(A), mainly concentrated in 500-3 000 Hz; the noise level inside the earphone of female operators was 62.7-88.9 dB (A), mainly concentrated in 500-2 000 Hz, which belonged to the non-steady speech frequency noise. The prevalence of self-reported fatigue, memory loss, loss of appetite, body aches, difficulty in sleeping, amblyacousia, and menstrual disorder among these female operators was significantly higher than that of office clerks respectively (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Both high and speech frequency hearing thresholds of female operators increased significantly and the abnormality of hearing loss was higher(P < 0.01). Prevalence of ECG abnormality in total, sinus bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia and inadequate myocardial blood supply of operators was increased significantly compared with that of the office clerks respectively(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The prevalence of hypotension, dysarteriotony, increased serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, and dyslipidemia among female operators was significantly higher (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The abnormality of hearing loss and hypotension of female operators increased gradually with increment of working time(P < 0.05).
      Conclusions  Long-term exposure to speech frequency noise could induced hearing loss mainly characterized by high frequency hearing threshold increase, subjective symptoms mainly characterized by neurasthenic syndrome, and abnormality of ECG, blood pressure and blood lipids. Female telephone operators occupationally exposed to speech frequency noise should be strengthened the personal protection.

     

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