Objective  To study the infection status of pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis.

  Methods  A total of 189 patients with pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis hospitalized in Hunan prevention treatment institute for occupational disease from 2020 to 2021 were studied.

  Results  Among 7 785 pneumoconiosis patients hospitalized in the hospital from 2020 to 2021, 189 patients were diagnosed as pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis and the occurrence rate was 2.43%. There were 4 kinds of pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis, namely coal worker's pneumoconiosis, silicosis, mixed pneumoconiosis and cement pneumoconiosis, among which were mainly coal worker's pneumoconiosis and silicosis, accounting for 56.6% and 40.7% respectively. The onset age of pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis was (58.40±9.08) years. The onset age of coal worker's pneumoconiosis with tuberculosis was higher than that of silicosis with tuberculosis (P < 0.05). The occurrence rate of tuberculosis increased with the progress of pneumoconiosis stage, 1.00% in patients at stage 1, 1.89% in patients at stage 2, 3.56% in patients at stage 3, respectively. The drug resistance rate of rifampicin in patients with coal worker's pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis was 10.28%, and that of silicosis was 11.68%, while that of other pneumoconiosis patients was 0. There was no significant difference of drug resistance rate among the three types of pneumoconiosis patients(P>0.05).

  Conclusions  Pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis infection was the most common in coal worker's pneumoconiosis and silicosis. The most important factor affecting tuberculosis infection was the pneumoconiosis stage. There was no significant difference of drug resistance of rifampicin among different types of pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis.