李克勇, 宋远航, 黄沪涛, 隋广德, 迟美娜. 1990—2019年全球和中国听力损失疾病负担分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2023, 41(4): 414-420. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.04.005
引用本文: 李克勇, 宋远航, 黄沪涛, 隋广德, 迟美娜. 1990—2019年全球和中国听力损失疾病负担分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2023, 41(4): 414-420. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.04.005
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LI Keyong, SONG Yuanhang, HUANG Hutao, SUI Guangde, CHI Meina. Analysis of global and Chinese disease burden of hearing loss from 1990 to 2019[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2023, 41(4): 414-420. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.04.005
Citation: LI Keyong, SONG Yuanhang, HUANG Hutao, SUI Guangde, CHI Meina. Analysis of global and Chinese disease burden of hearing loss from 1990 to 2019[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2023, 41(4): 414-420. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.04.005
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1990—2019年全球和中国听力损失疾病负担分析

Analysis of global and Chinese disease burden of hearing loss from 1990 to 2019

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  分析1990—2019年全球和中国听力损失疾病负担及其变化趋势，为听力损失防治措施的制定提供数据支持。
      方法  从2019年全球疾病负担研究数据库（Global Burden of Disease，GBD 2019）中提取出全球和中国听力损失的患病率、伤残调整寿命年等疾病负担指标及年龄、性别等相关信息，分析听力损失疾病负担基本情况、各指标在年龄和性别上的分布及时间变化趋势。
      结果  1990—2019年，全球听力损失患病人数从7.52亿例增加到14.57亿例，增幅为93.75%；同期中国听力损失患病数从1.99亿例增加到4.07亿例，增幅为104.52%，中国的听力损失人数增幅高于全球。全球听力损失伤残调整寿命年（disability-adjusted life year，DALY）数从22.01百万人年增加到40.24百万人年，增幅为82.83%；同期中国听力损失DALY数从5.58百万人年增加到10.48百万人年，增幅为87.84%。1990—2019年全球和中国听力损失年龄标化患病率（age-standardized prevalence rate，ASPR）均呈上升趋势，中国的上升速度快于全球；年龄标化DALY率（age-standardized DALY rate，ASDR）均呈下降趋势，中国的下降速度快于全球；随着年龄的增加，听力损失患病数和DALY数呈现先升高后降低的趋势；1990年、2019年全球和中国的男性听力损失ASPR均高于同时期女性（P＜0.001）。轻度听力损失例数占全部听力损失例数的比例超过70%，但中度及以上听力损失所致DALY超过60%。
      结论  全球和中国听力损失造成的疾病负担依旧很重，且有进一步增加的趋势。政府部门须采取相应的预防听力损失的措施来控制疾病负担的增长。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To analyze the global and Chinese disease burden of hearing loss and its changing trends from 1990 to 2019, and to provide data support for the formulation of hearing loss prevention and control measures.
      Methods  The prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and other disease burden indicators of hearing loss in the whole world and China, as well as related information such as age and gender, were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease database in 2019(GBD 2019). The basic situation of hearing loss disease burden, the distribution of various indicators in age and gender, and the time trend of changes were analyzed.
      Results  From 1990 to 2019, the number of people with hearing loss worldwide increased from 752 million to 1.457 billion, with an increase of 93.75%; during the same period, the number of people with hearing loss in China increased from 199 million to 407 million, with an increase of 104.52%. The increase in hearing loss cases in China was higher than the global level. The number of DALYs for hearing loss worldwide increased from 22.01 million person-years to 40.24 million person-years, with an increase of 82.83%, while the number of DALYs for hearing loss in China increased from 5.58 million person-years to 10.48 million person-years, with an increase of 87.84%. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of hearing loss in the world and China showed an upward trend, with China's rising faster than the world; the age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) showed a downward trend, with China's falling faster than the world; with age increasing, the number of cases and DALYs for hearing loss showed a trend of an initial increase followed by a decrease; in 1990 and 2019, the ASPR of hearing loss for males in the world or China was higher than that for females (P < 0.001). The proportion of mild hearing loss cases accounted for more than 70% of all hearing loss cases, but DALYs caused by moderate or above hearing loss accounted for more than 60%.
      Conclusions  The disease burden caused by hearing loss in the world and China is still heavy and has a further increasing trend. Government departments are required to take appropriate measures to prevent hearing loss in order to control the growth of the disease burden.

     

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