职业紧张与睡眠质量对新疆生物安全实验室工作人员生存质量的影响

巨珂珂; 卢耀勤; 刘昕; 李欣泽; 刘继文

doi:10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.06.001

职业紧张与睡眠质量对新疆生物安全实验室工作人员生存质量的影响

Impact of occupational stress and sleep quality on quality of life among biosafety laboratory staff in Xinjiang

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨新疆生物安全实验室（biosafety laboratory，BSL）工作人员职业紧张、睡眠质量和生存质量之间的关系。
方法 2022年7月，采用整群抽样方法，从新疆各地区生物安全实验室抽取1 980名在岗人员，通过问卷星网络调查平台对研究对象进行调查。采用付出-回报失衡量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表测量生物安全实验室人员职业紧张、睡眠质量和生存质量情况，并进行组间比较，评估职业紧张，睡眠质量和生存质量的相关性。采用AMOS 21.0软件建立结构方程模型，分析睡眠质量在职业紧张和生存质量之间的中介效应。
结果回收有效问卷1 591份，有效回收率80.4%。生物安全实验室工作人员职业紧张检出率为87.0%，睡眠障碍检出率为37.1%。生存质量得分中位数和第25、75百分位数为56.76（49.81，62.12）分。30~39岁、大学本科学历、工龄在11~20年、中级职称和每周不锻炼组生存质量得分较低（P < 0.05）。BSL工作人员职业紧张、睡眠质量得分与生存质量得分均为负相关（r_s=-0.435、-0.441，P < 0.01），职业紧张与睡眠质量得分为正相关（r_s=0.371，P < 0.01）。结构方程模型结果显示：BSL工作人员职业紧张和睡眠质量对生存质量均具有直接效应（标准化路径系数分别为-0.17和-0.52，P < 0.01），职业紧张可通过睡眠质量间接影响生存质量（β=-0.29，P < 0.01，中介效应占比63.0%）。
结论 BSL人员的职业紧张程度越高，睡眠质量越差，其生存质量不佳。生物安全实验室应合理安排工作任务，构建良好的工作体系，提高其生存质量。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between occupational stress, sleep quality, and quality of life among biosafety laboratory (BSL) staff in Xinjiang.
Methods In July 2022, the cluster sampling method was used to select 1 980 on-duty staff from biosafety laboratories in various regions of Xinjiang, and a questionnaire survey was conducted through the Questionnaire Star online survey platform with the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale. Intergroup comparisons were made to evaluate the correlation between occupational stress, sleep quality, and quality of life. A structural equation model was established with AMOS 21.0 software to analyze the mediating effect of sleep quality between occupational stress and quality of life.
Results A total of 1 591 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 80.4%. The detection rate of occupational stress was 87.0%, while the detection rate of sleep disorders was 37.1% in biosafety laboratory staff. The median (25%, 75% percentile) of quality of life scores was 56.76 (49.81, 62.12) points. The quality of life scores of staff with 30-39 years old, the bachelor's degree, 11-20 years of work experience, the intermediate professional title, and no exercise per week were lower (P < 0.05). The scores of occupational stress and sleep quality were negatively correlated with the quality of life scores (r_s=-0.435, -0.441, P < 0.01), and occupational stress was positively correlated with the scores of sleep quality (r_s=0.371, P < 0.01). The results of the structural equation model showed that both occupational stress and sleep quality had direct effects on quality of life (the standardized path coefficients were-0.17 and-0.52, respectively (P < 0.01). Occupational stress could indirectly affect quality of life through sleep quality (β=-0.29, P < 0.01, the mediating effect accounted for 63.0%).
Conclusions The higher the level of occupational stress and the sleep quality of BSL staff, the worse their quality of life will be. The biosafety laboratory arranges work tasks rationally, builds a good working system, and improves its quality of life.

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