Objective To investigate the relationship between worker-occupation fit and thyroid autoimmune abnormalities, providing a theoretical basis for personal and corporate health management.

Methods Using a convenience sampling method, 334 mental workers undergoing health examinations at a hospital were selected as study subjects. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect basic information and assess their worker-occupation fit. Thyroid autoimmune abnormalities were comprehensively evaluated using three indicators: thyroid ultrasound, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), and thyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab). The correlation between worker-occupation fit and thyroid autoimmune abnormalities was analyzed using a structural equation model.

Results Among the 334 study subjects, 239 were male (71.56%) and 95 were female (28.44%). The worker-occupation fit score was (44.46 ±6.26), the thyroid peroxidase antibody level was (18.27 ±15.99) IU/mL, and the thyroglobulin antibody level was (49.04 ±26.72) IU/mL. There were 155 subjects with positive thyroid ultrasound results (46.41%), 27 subjects with positive thyroid peroxidase antibody results (8.08%), and 22 subjects with positive thyroglobulin antibody results (6.59%). The structural equation model fitted well, with thyroid ultrasound, TPO-Ab, and Tg-Ab explaining a high degree of thyroid autoimmune abnormalities. There was a positive correlation between subjective load and worker-occupation fit (β = 0.165, P < 0.01), and a negative correlation between worker-occupation fit and thyroid autoimmune abnormalities (β = -0.149, P < 0.05).

Conclusions The better the worker-occupation fit, the lower the likelihood of thyroid autoimmune abnormalities. Corporate managers should pay more attention to workers' worker-occupation fit to protect their health.