Abstract: Medical institutions are the backbone of regional nuclear emergency medical rescues. To improve nuclear emergency rescue capabilities of hospitals is the key to implement the medical rescue operations timely and efficiently. This article elaborates the situation of nuclear emergency medical rescue capability of the hospitals,such as the nuclear accident emergency management,rescue team building,medical rescue preconditions and rescue experience,deeply analyse the issues of organization management capabilities,rapid response capabilities,rescue technical capabilities and rescue support capacities,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions about the development of rescue plan,the emergency medical response system,the professional capacity building of rescue members,the education of nuclear safety awareness,carrying out the trainings and field exercises,and supplying emergency relief goods.