上海市电焊作业职业危害监督抽检现况分析及对策建议

张战赛; 高金平; 黄靖雯; 沈安丽

上海市电焊作业职业危害监督抽检现况分析及对策建议

1. 上海市化工职业病防治院, 上海 200041;
2. 复旦大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200032

基金项目:

上海市电焊作业职业病危害现状调查与控制对策研究课题(AJ2013-03)。

详细信息

作者简介:
张战赛(1978-),男,硕士,主管医师。

中图分类号: R135
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- 文章访问数: 195
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-07-25
- 修回日期: 2014-09-16

Supervision results of occupational hazards in welding work and suggested countermeasures in Shanghai

1. Shanghai Institute of Occupational Safety & Health, Shanghai 200041, China;
2. School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解上海市电焊作业场所职业病危害现状。方法对上海市194家企业电焊作业场所进行监督性检测,并进行统计学分析。结果此次抽检电焊烟尘作业点699个,超标率为16.9%;不同类型电焊作业岗位合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²=13.49,P < 0.01);个体采样检测合格率低于定点采样,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.71,P < 0.01);而电焊烟尘的个体采样浓度高于定点采样浓度,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(t=5.86,P < 0.01)。常见的电焊作业方式是地面固定作业,占90.6%;作业类型是CO₂气体保护焊。结论上海市电焊作业职业卫生状况不容乐观,亟待改善和提高,应建立职业危害抽检的长效监管机制。
- 电焊作业 /
- 电焊烟尘 /
- 职业病危害 /
- 监督性抽检
+ English
Abstract: Objective To understand the status of occupational hazards in welding work in Shanghai. Methods The occupational hazards at workplaces in welding work from 194 enterprises in Shanghai were inspected and analyzed. Results A total of 699 workplaces were inspected and the levels of welding fumes at 16.9% workplaces were not compliant with national standard. The results of individual sampling showed that individual exposure level was higher than that of the area sampling showed (t=5.86,P < 0.01). The common way of welding operation was fixed on the ground,accounting for 90.6%,and the main job type was CO₂ gas shielded welding. Conclusion Occupational health status of welding work in Shanghai was not satisfactory,which need to be improved. A long-term supervision mechanism should be established.
- Welding work /
- Welding fumes /
- Occupational hazards /
- Supervision and sampling

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参考文献(8)

[1]	马玉宝. 关注焊接行业中的职业危害[J]. 安全,2009,30(4):23-25.
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[3]	张战赛,俞晓红,汤宇斌,等. 松江区工业园区职业卫生监督抽检现况分析[J]. 实用预防医学,2009,16(1):147-148.
[4]	Lehnert M,Weiss T,Pesch B,et al. Reduction in welding fume and metal exposure of stainless steel welders:an example from the WELDOX study[J]. Int Arch Occup Environ Health,2014,87(5):483-492.
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[6]	Yeganeh B,Kull C M,Hull M S,et al. Characterization of airborne particles during production of carbonaceous nanomaterials[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2008,42(12):4600-4606.
[7]	Gube M,Ebel J,Brand P,et al. Biological effect markers in exhaled breath condensate and biomonitoring in welders:impact of smoking and protection equipment[J]. Int Arch Occup Environ Health,2010,83(7):803-811.
[8]	袁伟明,宾平凡,邢鸣鸾,等. 电焊作业环境中职业危害因素检测与防护[J]. 环境与职业医学,2013,30(4):258-262.

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文章访问数: 195
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上海市电焊作业职业危害监督抽检现况分析及对策建议

作者简介: 张战赛(1978-),男,硕士,主管医师。

计量

出版历程

Supervision results of occupational hazards in welding work and suggested countermeasures in Shanghai

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
张战赛(1978-),男,硕士,主管医师。