Abstract: Objective The characteristics of pneumoconiosis cases in Huainan City were summarized to provide scientific orientation for developing preventive countermeasures against pneumoconiosis. Methods The information of pneumoconiosis cases were abstracted from the local reporting system of occupational diseases from 2008 to 2012. Results From 2008 to 2012,there were 480 pneumoconiosis cases reported. Among them,2 cases were graded as as stage I, 461 cases as stage Ⅱ and 17 cases as stage Ⅲ. A total of 460 cases (95.83%)were from the coal mine industry and 386 cases (83.91%)were drillers and cutters. The average age of new pneumoconiosis cases was (52.63 ±8.76) years and the exposure time was (21.72 ±6.25) years. Conclusion The coal mining industry was a serious industry in which the incidence of pneumoconiosis was highest in Huainan City. More attention to the coal mine drillers and cutters should be paid to control the occurence of pneumoconiosis.